（2002年6月29日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议通过）
目 录
第一章 总 则
第二章 生产经营单位的安全生产保障
第三章 从业人员的权利和义务
第四章 安全生产的监督管理
第五章 生产安全事故的应急救援与调查处理
第六章 法律责任
第七章 附 则
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了加强安全生产监督管理，防止和减少生产安全事故，保障人民群众生命和财产安全，促进经济发展，制定本法。
第二条 在中华人民共和国领域内从事生产经营活动的单位（以下统称生产经营单位）的安全生产，适用本法；有关法律、行政法规对消防安全和道路交通安全、铁路交通安全、水上交通安全、民用航空安全另有规定的，适用其规定。
第三条 安全生产管理，坚持安全第一、预防为主的方针。
第四条 生产经营单位必须遵守本法和其他有关安全生产的法律、法规，加强安全生产管理，建立、健全安全生产责任制度，完善安全生产条件，确保安全生产。
第五条 生产经营单位的主要负责人对本单位的安全生产工作全面负责。
第六条 生产经营单位的从业人员有依法获得安全生产保障的权利，并应当依法履行安全生产方面的义务。
第七条 工会依法组织职工参加本单位安全生产工作的民主管理和民主监督，维护职工在安全生产方面的合法权益。
第八条 国务院和地方各级人民政府应当加强对安全生产工作的领导，支持、督促各有关部门依法履行安全生产监督管理职责。
县级以上人民政府对安全生产监督管理中存在的重大问题应当及时予以协调、解决。
第九条 国务院负责安全生产监督管理的部门依照本法，对全国安全生产工作实施综合监督管理；县级以上地方各级人民政府负责安全生产监督管理的部门依照本法，对本行政区域内安全生产工作实施综合监督管理。
国务院有关部门依照本法和其他有关法律、行政法规的规定，在各自的职责范围内对有关的安全生产工作实施监督管理；县级以上地方各级人民政府有关部门依照本法和其他有关法律、法规的规定，在各自的职责范围内对有关的安全生产工作实施监督管理。
第十条 国务院有关部门应当按照保障安全生产的要求，依法及时制定有关的国家标准或者行业标准，并根据科技进步和经济发展适时修订。
生产经营单位必须执行依法制定的保障安全生产的国家标准或者行业标准。
第十一条 各级人民政府及其有关部门应当采取多种形式，加强对有关安全生产的法律、法规和安全生产知识的宣传，提高职工的安全生产意识。
第十二条 依法设立的为安全生产提供技术服务的中介机构，依照法律、行政法规和执业准则，接受生产经营单位的委托为其安全生产工作提供技术服务。
第十三条 国家实行生产安全事故责任追究制度，依照本法和有关法律、法规的规定，追究生产安全事故责任人员的法律责任。
第十四条 国家鼓励和支持安全生产科学技术研究和安全生产先进技术的推广应用，提高安全生产水平。
第十五条 国家对在改善安全生产条件、防止生产安全事故、参加抢险救护等方面取得显著成绩的单位和个人，给予奖励。
第二章 生产经营单位的安全生产保障
第十六条 生产经营单位应当具备本法和有关法律、行政法规和国家标准或者行业标准规定的安全生产条件；不具备安全生产条件的，不得从事生产经营活动。
第十七条 生产经营单位的主要负责人对本单位安全生产工作负有下列职责：
（一）建立、健全本单位安全生产责任制；
（二）组织制定本单位安全生产规章制度和操作规程；
（三）保证本单位安全生产投入的有效实施；
（四）督促、检查本单位的安全生产工作，及时消除生产安全事故隐患；
（五）组织制定并实施本单位的生产安全事故应急救援预案；
（六）及时、如实报告生产安全事故。
第十八条 生产经营单位应当具备的安全生产条件所必需的资金投入，由生产经营单位的决策机构、主要负责人或者个人经营的投资人予以保证，并对由于安全生产所必需的资金投入不足导致的后果承担责任。
第十九条 矿山、建筑施工单位和危险物品的生产、经营、储存单位，应当设置安全生产管理机构或者配备专职安全生产管理人员。
前款规定以外的其他生产经营单位，从业人员超过三百人的，应当设置安全生产管理机构或者配备专职安全生产管理人员；从业人员在三百人以下的，应当配备专职或者兼职的安全生产管理人员，或者委托具有国家规定的相关专业技术资格的工程技术人员提供安全生产管理服务。
生产经营单位依照前款规定委托工程技术人员提供安全生产管理服务的，保证安全生产的责任仍由本单位负责。
第二十条 生产经营单位的主要负责人和安全生产管理人员必须具备与本单位所从事的生产经营活动相应的安全生产知识和管理能力。
危险物品的生产、经营、储存单位以及矿山、建筑施工单位的主要负责人和安全生产管理人员，应当由有关主管部门对其安全生产知识和管理能力考核合格后方可任职。考核不得收费。
第二十一条 生产经营单位应当对从业人员进行安全生产教育和培训，保证从业人员具备必要的安全生产知识，熟悉有关的安全生产规章制度和安全操作规程，掌握本岗位的安全操作技能。未经安全生产教育和培训合格的从业人员，不得上岗作业。
第二十二条 生产经营单位采用新工艺、新技术、新材料或者使用新设备，必须了解、掌握其安全技术特性，采取有效的安全防护措施，并对从业人员进行专门的安全生产教育和培训。
第二十三条 生产经营单位的特种作业人员必须按照国家有关规定经专门的安全作业培训，取得特种作业操作资格证书，方可上岗作业。
特种作业人员的范围由国务院负责安全生产监督管理的部门会同国务院有关部门确定。
第二十四条 生产经营单位新建、改建、扩建工程项目（以下统称建设项目）的安全设施，必须与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投入生产和使用。安全设施投资应当纳入建设项目概算。
第二十五条 矿山建设项目和用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目，应当分别按照国家有关规定进行安全条件论证和安全评价。
第二十六条 建设项目安全设施的设计人、设计单位应当对安全设施设计负责。
矿山建设项目和用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目的安全设施设计应当按照国家有关规定报经有关部门审查，审查部门及其负责审查的人员对审查结果负责。
第二十七条 矿山建设项目和用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目的施工单位必须按照批准的安全设施设计施工，并对安全设施的工程质量负责。
矿山建设项目和用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目竣工投入生产或者使用前，必须依照有关法律、行政法规的规定对安全设施进行验收；验收合格后，方可投入生产和使用。验收部门及其验收人员对验收结果负责。
第二十八条 生产经营单位应当在有较大危险因素的生产经营场所和有关设施、设备上，设置明显的安全警示标志。
第二十九条 安全设备的设计、制造、安装、使用、检测、维修、改造和报废，应当符合国家标准或者行业标准。
生产经营单位必须对安全设备进行经常性维护、保养，并定期检测，保证正常运转。维护、保养、检测应当作好记录，并由有关人员签字。
第三十条 生产经营单位使用的涉及生命安全、危险性较大的特种设备，以及危险物品的容器、运输工具，必须按照国家有关规定，由专业生产单位生产，并经取得专业资质的检测、检验机构检测、检验合格，取得安全使用证或者安全标志，方可投入使用。检测、检验机构对检测、检验结果负责。
涉及生命安全、危险性较大的特种设备的目录由国务院负责特种设备安全监督管理的部门制定，报国务院批准后执行。
第三十一条 国家对严重危及生产安全的工艺、设备实行淘汰制度。
生产经营单位不得使用国家明令淘汰、禁止使用的危及生产安全的工艺、设备。
第三十二条 生产、经营、运输、储存、使用危险物品或者处置废弃危险物品的，由有关主管部门依照有关法律、法规的规定和国家标准或者行业标准审批并实施监督管理。
生产经营单位生产、经营、运输、储存、使用危险物品或者处置废弃危险物品，必须执行有关法律、法规和国家标准或者行业标准，建立专门的安全管理制度，采取可靠的安全措施，接受有关主管部门依法实施的监督管理。
第三十三条 生产经营单位对重大危险源应当登记建档，进行定期检测、评估、监控，并制定应急预案，告知从业人员和相关人员在紧急情况下应当采取的应急措施。
生产经营单位应当按照国家有关规定将本单位重大危险源及有关安全措施、应急措施报有关地方人民政府负责安全生产监督管理的部门和有关部门备案。
第三十四条 生产、经营、储存、使用危险物品的车间、商店、仓库不得与员工宿舍在同一座建筑物内，并应当与员工宿舍保持安全距离。
生产经营场所和员工宿舍应当设有符合紧急疏散要求、标志明显、保持畅通的出口。禁止封闭、堵塞生产经营场所或者员工宿舍的出口。
第三十五条 生产经营单位进行爆破、吊装等危险作业，应当安排专门人员进行现场安全管理，确保操作规程的遵守和安全措施的落实。
第三十六条 生产经营单位应当教育和督促从业人员严格执行本单位的安全生产规章制度和安全操作规程；并向从业人员如实告知作业场所和工作岗位存在的危险因素、防范措施以及事故应急措施。
第三十七条 生产经营单位必须为从业人员提供符合国家标准或者行业标准的劳动防护用品，并监督、教育从业人员按照使用规则佩戴、使用。
第三十八条 生产经营单位的安全生产管理人员应当根据本单位的生产经营特点，对安全生产状况进行经常性检查；对检查中发现的安全问题，应当立即处理；不能处理的，应当及时报告本单位有关负责人。检查及处理情况应当记录在案。
第三十九条 生产经营单位应当安排用于配备劳动防护用品、进行安全生产培训的经费。
第四十条 两个以上生产经营单位在同一作业区域内进行生产经营活动，可能危及对方生产安全的，应当签订安全生产管理协议，明确各自的安全生产管理职责和应当采取的安全措施，并指定专职安全生产管理人员进行安全检查与协调。
第四十一条 生产经营单位不得将生产经营项目、场所、设备发包或者出租给不具备安全生产条件或者相应资质的单位或者个人。
生产经营项目、场所有多个承包单位、承租单位的，生产经营单位应当与承包单位、承租单位签订专门的安全生产管理协议，或者在承包合同、租赁合同中约定各自的安全生产管理职责；生产经营单位对承包单位、承租单位的安全生产工作统一协调、管理。
第四十二条 生产经营单位发生重大生产安全事故时，单位的主要负责人应当立即组织抢救，并不得在事故调查处理期间擅离职守。
第四十三条 生产经营单位必须依法参加工伤社会保险，为从业人员缴纳保险费。
第三章 从业人员的权利和义务
第四十四条 生产经营单位与从业人员订立的劳动合同，应当载明有关保障从业人员劳动安全、防止职业危害的事项，以及依法为从业人员办理工伤社会保险的事项。
生产经营单位不得以任何形式与从业人员订立协议，免除或者减轻其对从业人员因生产安全事故伤亡依法应承担的责任。
第四十五条 生产经营单位的从业人员有权了解其作业场所和工作岗位存在的危险因素、防范措施及事故应急措施，有权对本单位的安全生产工作提出建议。
第四十六条 从业人员有权对本单位安全生产工作中存在的问题提出批评、检举、控告；有权拒绝违章指挥和强令冒险作业。
生产经营单位不得因从业人员对本单位安全生产工作提出批评、检举、控告或者拒绝违章指挥、强令冒险作业而降低其工资、福利等待遇或者解除与其订立的劳动合同。
第四十七条 从业人员发现直接危及人身安全的紧急情况时，有权停止作业或者在采取可能的应急措施后撤离作业场所。
生产经营单位不得因从业人员在前款紧急情况下停止作业或者采取紧急撤离措施而降低其工资、福利等待遇或者解除与其订立的劳动合同。
第四十八条 因生产安全事故受到损害的从业人员，除依法享有工伤社会保险外，依照有关民事法律尚有获得赔偿的权利的，有权向本单位提出赔偿要求。
第四十九条 从业人员在作业过程中，应当严格遵守本单位的安全生产规章制度和操作规程，服从管理，正确佩戴和使用劳动防护用品。
第五十条 从业人员应当接受安全生产教育和培训，掌握本职工作所需的安全生产知识，提高安全生产技能，增强事故预防和应急处理能力。
第五十一条 从业人员发现事故隐患或者其他不安全因素，应当立即向现场安全生产管理人员或者本单位负责人报告；接到报告的人员应当及时予以处理。
第五十二条 工会有权对建设项目的安全设施与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投入生产和使用进行监督，提出意见。
工会对生产经营单位违反安全生产法律、法规，侵犯从业人员合法权益的行为，有权要求纠正；发现生产经营单位违章指挥、强令冒险作业或者发现事故隐患时，有权提出解决的建议，生产经营单位应当及时研究答复；发现危及从业人员生命安全的情况时，有权向生产经营单位建议组织从业人员撤离危险场所，生产经营单位必须立即作出处理。
工会有权依法参加事故调查，向有关部门提出处理意见，并要求追究有关人员的责任。
第四章 安全生产的监督管理
第五十三条 县级以上地方各级人民政府应当根据本行政区域内的安全生产状况，组织有关部门按照职责分工，对本行政区域内容易发生重大生产安全事故的生产经营单位进行严格检查；发现事故隐患，应当及时处理。
第五十四条 依照本法第九条规定对安全生产负有监督管理职责的部门（以下统称负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门）依照有关法律、法规的规定，对涉及安全生产的事项需要审查批准（包括批准、核准、许可、注册、认证、颁发证照等，下同）或者验收的，必须严格依照有关法律、法规和国家标准或者行业标准规定的安全生产条件和程序进行审查；不符合有关法律、法规和国家标准或者行业标准规定的安全生产条件的，不得批准或者验收通过。对未依法取得批准或者验收合格的单位擅自从事有关活动的，负责行政审批的部门发现或者接到举报后应当立即予以取缔，并依法予以处理。对已经依法取得批准的单位，负责行政审批的部门发现其不再具备安全生产条件的，应当撤销原批准。
第五十五条 负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门对涉及安全生产的事项进行审查、验收，不得收取费用；不得要求接受审查、验收的单位购买其指定品牌或者指定生产、销售单位的安全设备、器材或者其他产品。
第五十六条 负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门依法对生产经营单位执行有关安全生产的法律、法规和国家标准或者行业标准的情况进行监督检查，行使以下职权：
（一）进入生产经营单位进行检查，调阅有关资料，向有关单位和人员了解情况。
（二）对检查中发现的安全生产违法行为，当场予以纠正或者要求限期改正；对依法应当给予行政处罚的行为，依照本法和其他有关法律、行政法规的规定作出行政处罚决定。
（三）对检查中发现的事故隐患，应当责令立即排除；重大事故隐患排除前或者排除过程中无法保证安全的，应当责令从危险区域内撤出作业人员，责令暂时停产停业或者停止使用；重大事故隐患排除后，经审查同意，方可恢复生产经营和使用。
（四）对有根据认为不符合保障安全生产的国家标准或者行业标准的设施、设备、器材予以查封或者扣押，并应当在十五日内依法作出处理决定。
监督检查不得影响被检查单位的正常生产经营活动。
第五十七条 生产经营单位对负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门的监督检查人员（以下统称安全生产监督检查人员）依法履行监督检查职责，应当予以配合，不得拒绝、阻挠。
第五十八条 安全生产监督检查人员应当忠于职守，坚持原则，秉公执法。
安全生产监督检查人员执行监督检查任务时，必须出示有效的监督执法证件；对涉及被检查单位的技术秘密和业务秘密，应当为其保密。
第五十九条 安全生产监督检查人员应当将检查的时间、地点、内容、发现的问题及其处理情况，作出书面记录，并由检查人员和被检查单位的负责人签字；被检查单位的负责人拒绝签字的，检查人员应当将情况记录在案，并向负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门报告。
第六十条 负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门在监督检查中，应当互相配合，实行联合检查；确需分别进行检查的，应当互通情况，发现存在的安全问题应当由其他有关部门进行处理的，应当及时移送其他有关部门并形成记录备查，接受移送的部门应当及时进行处理。
第六十一条 监察机关依照行政监察法的规定，对负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门及其工作人员履行安全生产监督管理职责实施监察。
第六十二条 承担安全评价、认证、检测、检验的机构应当具备国家规定的资质条件，并对其作出的安全评价、认证、检测、检验的结果负责。
第六十三条 负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门应当建立举报制度，公开举报电话、信箱或者电子邮件地址，受理有关安全生产的举报；受理的举报事项经调查核实后，应当形成书面材料；需要落实整改措施的，报经有关负责人签字并督促落实。
第六十四条 任何单位或者个人对事故隐患或者安全生产违法行为，均有权向负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门报告或者举报。
第六十五条 居民委员会、村民委员会发现其所在区域内的生产经营单位存在事故隐患或者安全生产违法行为时，应当向当地人民政府或者有关部门报告。
第六十六条 县级以上各级人民政府及其有关部门对报告重大事故隐患或者举报安全生产违法行为的有功人员，给予奖励。具体奖励办法由国务院负责安全生产监督管理的部门会同国务院财政部门制定。
第六十七条 新闻、出版、广播、电影、电视等单位有进行安全生产宣传教育的义务，有对违反安全生产法律、法规的行为进行舆论监督的权利。
第五章 生产安全事故的应急救援与调查处理
第六十八条 县级以上地方各级人民政府应当组织有关部门制定本行政区域内特大生产安全事故应急救援预案，建立应急救援体系。
第六十九条 危险物品的生产、经营、储存单位以及矿山、建筑施工单位应当建立应急救援组织；生产经营规模较小，可以不建立应急救援组织的，应当指定兼职的应急救援人员。
危险物品的生产、经营、储存单位以及矿山、建筑施工单位应当配备必要的应急救援器材、设备，并进行经常性维护、保养，保证正常运转。
第七十条 生产经营单位发生生产安全事故后，事故现场有关人员应当立即报告本单位负责人。
单位负责人接到事故报告后，应当迅速采取有效措施，组织抢救，防止事故扩大，减少人员伤亡和财产损失，并按照国家有关规定立即如实报告当地负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门，不得隐瞒不报、谎报或者拖延不报，不得故意破坏事故现场、毁灭有关证据。
第七十一条 负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门接到事故报告后，应当立即按照国家有关规定上报事故情况。负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门和有关地方人民政府对事故情况不得隐瞒不报、谎报或者拖延不报。
第七十二条 有关地方人民政府和负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门的负责人接到重大生产安全事故报告后，应当立即赶到事故现场，组织事故抢救。
任何单位和个人都应当支持、配合事故抢救，并提供一切便利条件。
第七十三条 事故调查处理应当按照实事求是、尊重科学的原则，及时、准确地查清事故原因，查明事故性质和责任，总结事故教训，提出整改措施，并对事故责任者提出处理意见。事故调查和处理的具体办法由国务院制定。
第七十四条 生产经营单位发生生产安全事故，经调查确定为责任事故的，除了应当查明事故单位的责任并依法予以追究外，还应当查明对安全生产的有关事项负有审查批准和监督职责的行政部门的责任，对有失职、渎职行为的，依照本法第七十七条的规定追究法律责任。
第七十五条 任何单位和个人不得阻挠和干涉对事故的依法调查处理。
第七十六条 县级以上地方各级人民政府负责安全生产监督管理的部门应当定期统计分析本行政区域内发生生产安全事故的情况，并定期向社会公布。
第六章 法律责任
第七十七条 负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门的工作人员，有下列行为之一的，给予降级或者撤职的行政处分；构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：
（一）对不符合法定安全生产条件的涉及安全生产的事项予以批准或者验收通过的；
（二）发现未依法取得批准、验收的单位擅自从事有关活动或者接到举报后不予取缔或者不依法予以处理的；
（三）对已经依法取得批准的单位不履行监督管理职责，发现其不再具备安全生产条件而不撤销原批准或者发现安全生产违法行为不予查处的。
第七十八条 负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门，要求被审查、验收的单位购买其指定的安全设备、器材或者其他产品的，在对安全生产事项的审查、验收中收取费用的，由其上级机关或者监察机关责令改正，责令退还收取的费用；情节严重的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分。
第七十九条 承担安全评价、认证、检测、检验工作的机构，出具虚假证明，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任；尚不够刑事处罚的，没收违法所得，违法所得在五千元以上的，并处违法所得二倍以上五倍以下的罚款，没有违法所得或者违法所得不足五千元的，单处或者并处五千元以上二万元以下的罚款，对其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处五千元以上五万元以下的罚款；给他人造成损害的，与生产经营单位承担连带赔偿责任。
对有前款违法行为的机构，撤销其相应资格。
第八十条 生产经营单位的决策机构、主要负责人、个人经营的投资人不依照本法规定保证安全生产所必需的资金投入，致使生产经营单位不具备安全生产条件的，责令限期改正，提供必需的资金；逾期未改正的，责令生产经营单位停产停业整顿。
有前款违法行为，导致发生生产安全事故，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任；尚不够刑事处罚的，对生产经营单位的主要负责人给予撤职处分，对个人经营的投资人处二万元以上二十万元以下的罚款。
第八十一条 生产经营单位的主要负责人未履行本法规定的安全生产管理职责的，责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，责令生产经营单位停产停业整顿。
生产经营单位的主要负责人有前款违法行为，导致发生生产安全事故，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任；尚不够刑事处罚的，给予撤职处分或者处二万元以上二十万元以下的罚款。
生产经营单位的主要负责人依照前款规定受刑事处罚或者撤职处分的，自刑罚执行完毕或者受处分之日起，五年内不得担任任何生产经营单位的主要负责人。
第八十二条 生产经营单位有下列行为之一的，责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，责令停产停业整顿，可以并处二万元以下的罚款：
（一）未按照规定设立安全生产管理机构或者配备安全生产管理人员的；
（二）危险物品的生产、经营、储存单位以及矿山、建筑施工单位的主要负责人和安全生产管理人员未按照规定经考核合格的；
（三）未按照本法第二十一条、第二十二条的规定对从业人员进行安全生产教育和培训，或者未按照本法第三十六条的规定如实告知从业人员有关的安全生产事项的；
（四）特种作业人员未按照规定经专门的安全作业培训并取得特种作业操作资格证书，上岗作业的。
第八十三条 生产经营单位有下列行为之一的，责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，责令停止建设或者停产停业整顿，可以并处五万元以下的罚款；造成严重后果，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：
（一）矿山建设项目或者用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目没有安全设施设计或者安全设施设计未按照规定报经有关部门审查同意的；
（二）矿山建设项目或者用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目的施工单位未按照批准的安全设施设计施工的；
（三）矿山建设项目或者用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目竣工投入生产或者使用前，安全设施未经验收合格的；
（四）未在有较大危险因素的生产经营场所和有关设施、设备上设置明显的安全警示标志的；
（五）安全设备的安装、使用、检测、改造和报废不符合国家标准或者行业标准的；
（六）未对安全设备进行经常性维护、保养和定期检测的；
（七）未为从业人员提供符合国家标准或者行业标准的劳动防护用品的；
（八）特种设备以及危险物品的容器、运输工具未经取得专业资质的机构检测、检验合格，取得安全使用证或者安全标志，投入使用的；
（九）使用国家明令淘汰、禁止使用的危及生产安全的工艺、设备的。
第八十四条 未经依法批准，擅自生产、经营、储存危险物品的，责令停止违法行为或者予以关闭，没收违法所得，违法所得十万元以上的，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款，没有违法所得或者违法所得不足十万元的，单处或者并处二万元以上十万元以下的罚款；造成严重后果，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任。
第八十五条 生产经营单位有下列行为之一的，责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，责令停产停业整顿，可以并处二万元以上十万元以下的罚款；造成严重后果，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：
（一）生产、经营、储存、使用危险物品，未建立专门安全管理制度、未采取可靠的安全措施或者不接受有关主管部门依法实施的监督管理的；
（二）对重大危险源未登记建档，或者未进行评估、监控，或者未制定应急预案的；
（三）进行爆破、吊装等危险作业，未安排专门管理人员进行现场安全管理的。
第八十六条 生产经营单位将生产经营项目、场所、设备发包或者出租给不具备安全生产条件或者相应资质的单位或者个人的，责令限期改正，没收违法所得；违法所得五万元以上的，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足五万元的，单处或者并处一万元以上五万元以下的罚款；导致发生生产安全事故给他人造成损害的，与承包方、承租方承担连带赔偿责任。
生产经营单位未与承包单位、承租单位签订专门的安全生产管理协议或者未在承包合同、租赁合同中明确各自的安全生产管理职责，或者未对承包单位、承租单位的安全生产统一协调、管理的，责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，责令停产停业整顿。
第八十七条 两个以上生产经营单位在同一作业区域内进行可能危及对方安全生产的生产经营活动，未签订安全生产管理协议或者未指定专职安全生产管理人员进行安全检查与协调的，责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，责令停产停业。
第八十八条 生产经营单位有下列行为之一的，责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，责令停产停业整顿；造成严重后果，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任：
（一）生产、经营、储存、使用危险物品的车间、商店、仓库与员工宿舍在同一座建筑内，或者与员工宿舍的距离不符合安全要求的；
（二）生产经营场所和员工宿舍未设有符合紧急疏散需要、标志明显、保持畅通的出口，或者封闭、堵塞生产经营场所或者员工宿舍出口的。
第八十九条 生产经营单位与从业人员订立协议，免除或者减轻其对从业人员因生产安全事故伤亡依法应承担的责任的，该协议无效；对生产经营单位的主要负责人、个人经营的投资人处二万元以上十万元以下的罚款。
第九十条 生产经营单位的从业人员不服从管理，违反安全生产规章制度或者操作规程的，由生产经营单位给予批评教育，依照有关规章制度给予处分；造成重大事故，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任。
第九十一条 生产经营单位主要负责人在本单位发生重大生产安全事故时，不立即组织抢救或者在事故调查处理期间擅离职守或者逃匿的，给予降职、撤职的处分，对逃匿的处十五日以下拘留；构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任。
生产经营单位主要负责人对生产安全事故隐瞒不报、谎报或者拖延不报的，依照前款规定处罚。
第九十二条 有关地方人民政府、负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门，对生产安全事故隐瞒不报、谎报或者拖延不报的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任。
第九十三条 生产经营单位不具备本法和其他有关法律、行政法规和国家标准或者行业标准规定的安全生产条件，经停产停业整顿仍不具备安全生产条件的，予以关闭；有关部门应当依法吊销其有关证照。
第九十四条 本法规定的行政处罚，由负责安全生产监督管理的部门决定；予以关闭的行政处罚由负责安全生产监督管理的部门报请县级以上人民政府按照国务院规定的权限决定；给予拘留的行政处罚由公安机关依照治安管理处罚条例的规定决定。有关法律、行政法规对行政处罚的决定机关另有规定的，依照其规定。
第九十五条 生产经营单位发生生产安全事故造成人员伤亡、他人财产损失的，应当依法承担赔偿责任；拒不承担或者其负责人逃匿的，由人民法院依法强制执行。
生产安全事故的责任人未依法承担赔偿责任，经人民法院依法采取执行措施后，仍不能对受害人给予足额赔偿的，应当继续履行赔偿义务；受害人发现责任人有其他财产的，可以随时请求人民法院执行。
第七章 附 则
第九十六条 本法下列用语的含义：
危险物品，是指易燃易爆物品、危险化学品、放射性物品等能够危及人身安全和财产安全的物品。
重大危险源，是指长期地或者临时地生产、搬运、使用或者储存危险物品，且危险物品的数量等于或者超过临界量的单元（包括场所和设施）。
第九十七条 本法自2002年11月1日起施行。
英文版
Order of the President of the People’s Republic of China
No.70
The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Work Safety, adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on June 29, 2002, is hereby promulgated and shall go into effect as of November 1, 2002.
Jiang Zemin
President of the People’s Republic of China
June 29, 2002
Law of the People’s Republic of China on Work Safety
(Adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People’s Congress on June 29, 2002)
Chapter I General provisions
Article 1 This Law is enacted for enhancing supervision and control over work
safety, preventing accidents due to lack of work safety and keeping their occurrence
at a lower level, ensuring the safety of people’s lives and property and promoting
the development of the economy.
Article 2 This Law is applicable to work safety in units that are engaged in production and business activities (hereinafter referred to as production and business units) within the territory of the People’s Republic of China. Where there are other provisions in relevant laws and administrative regulations governing fire fighting, road traffic safety, railway traffic safety, water way traffic safety, those provisions shall apply.
Article 3 In ensuring work safety, principle of giving first place to safety and laying stress on prevention shall be upheld.
Article 4 Production and business units shall abide by this Law and other laws and regulations concerning work safety, redouble their efforts to ensure work safety by setting up and improving the responsibility system for work safety and improving the conditions for it to guarantee work safety.
Article 5 Principal leading members of production and business units are in
full charge of work safety of their own units.
Article 6 Employees of production and business units shall have the right to
work safety assurance in accordance with law and they shall, at the same time,
perform their duty in work safety in accordance with law.
Article 7 Trade unions shall, in accordance with law, make arrangement for employees to participate in the democratic management of and supervision over work safety in their units and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the employees in work safety.
Article 8 The State Council and the local people’s governments at all levels shall strengthen their leadership over work safety and support and urge all the departments concerned to perform their responsibilities in exercising supervision and control over work safety in accordance with law.
The people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in a timely manner, provide coordination and solution to major problems existing in supervision and over work safety.
Article 9 The department in charge of supervision and control over work safety
under the State Council shall, in accordance with this Law, exercise all-round
supervision and control over work safety throughout the country. The departments
in charge of supervision and control over work safety of local people’s governments
at or above the county level shall, in accordance with this Law, exercise all-round
supervision and control over work safety on work safety within their own administrative
regions.
The relevant departments under the State Council shall, in accordance with the
provisions of this Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations, exercise
relevant supervision and control over work safety within the scope of their
respective responsibilities. The departments concerned under the local people’s
governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the provisions
of this Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations, exercise supervision
and control over work safety within the scope of their respective responsibilities.
Article 10 The relevant departments under the State Council shall, in compliance with the requirements for safeguarding work safety and in accordance with law, formulate relevant national standards or industrial specifications without delay and make timely revisions on the basis of technological advancement and economic development.
Production and business units shall implement the national standards or industrial specifications for work safety formulated in accordance with law.
Article 11 People’s governments at all levels and the relevant departments under them shall redouble their efforts to publicize laws and regulations regarding work safety and disseminate knowledge about it in different forms in order to enhance the employees’ awareness of the importance of work safety.
Article 12 The intermediary organizations established in accordance with law to provide technical services for work safety shall, in compliance with law, administrative regulations and business criteria, accept commissions entrusted by production and business units to provide such services.
Article 13 The State applies the responsibility investigation system for accidents due to lack of work safety. Persons who are responsible for such accidents shall be investigated for their legal responsibilities in accordance with the provisions in this Law and relevant laws and regulations.
Article 14 The State encourages and supports technological research in work safety and the wide application of advanced technology in this area in order to raise the level of work safety.
Article 15 The State gives awards to the units and individuals that achieve outstanding successes in improving conditions for work safety and preventing accidents due to lack of work safety, and in rescue operations.
Chapter II
Work Safety Assurance in Production and Business Units
Article 16 Production and business units shall have the conditions for work safety as specified by the provisions in this Law and relevant laws, administrative regulations and national standards or industrial specifications. Production and business units that do not have such conditions are not allowed to engage in production and business activities.
Article 17 The principal leading members of production and business units are charged with the following responsibilities for work safety in their own units:
(1) setting up and improving the responsibility system for work safety in their own units;
(2) making arrangement for formulating rules and operating regulations for work safety in their own units;
(3) guaranteeing an effective input into work safety in their own units;
(4) supervising over and inspecting work safety in their own units and, in a timely manner, eliminating hidden dangers threatening work safety;
(5) making arrangements for the formulation and implementation of their own units’ rescue plans in the event of accidents; and
(6) submitting to higher authorities timely and truthful report on accidents due to lack of work safety.
Article 18 Funds for input essential to meeting the conditions for work safety in production and business units shall be guaranteed by the decision-making bodies and principal leading members of the units or private investors, and these bodies and persons shall bear the responsibility for the consequences of insufficient input of funds essential to work safety in their own units.
Article 19 Mines, construction units and units for manufacturing, marketing or storing dangerous articles shall set up organizations or be manned with full-time persons for the control of work safety.
Production and business units, other than the ones specified in the preceding paragraph, where the number of employees each exceeds 300, shall set up organizations or be manned with full-time persons for the control of work safety. Where the number is below 300, the units each shall be manned with full-time or part-time persons for the purpose, or, they may entrust engineers or technicians, who are professionally qualified according to State regulations in this field, with the provisions of services for the control of work safety.
Where, in accordance with the provisions in the preceding paragraph, production and business units entrust engineers or technicians with the provision of services for the control of work safety, the responsibility for guaranteeing work safety shall still rest on the production and business units.
Article 20 The principal leading members and persons for the control of work
safety in production and business units shall have the knowledge about work
safety and the competence for its control, which are commensurated with the
production and business activities of these units.
Principal leading members and persons for the control of work safety in units
that manufacture, market or store dangerous articles, in mines and in construction
units shall only be appointed to the posts after they pass the examinations
in their knowledge about work safety and their competence in its control conducted
by the competent departments. No fees shall be charged for taking such examinations.
Article 21 Production and business units shall give their employees education and training in work safety to ensure that the employees acquire the necessary knowledge about work safety and are familiar with the relevant rules for work safety and safe operating regulations. No employees who fail to pass the qualification tests after receiving education and training in work safety may be assigned to posts.
Article 22 Before using new techniques, technologies, materials or equipment, production and business units shall get to know and master their technical properties for safety and adopt effective protective measures for safety, and they shall provide their employees with special education and training in work safety.
Article 23 Workers operating at special posts in production and business units shall, in accordance with relevant State regulations, receive special training in safe operation, and they shall only be assigned to such posts after obtaining qualification certificate for operation at special posts.
The category of workers operating at special posts shall be determined by the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety under the State Council in conjunction with the relevant departments under the State Council.
Article 24 Production and business units shall see to it that safety facilities for their projects to be built, renovated or expanded (hereinafter all are referred to as construction projects) are designed, constructed, and put into operation and use simultaneously with the principal parts of the projects. Investments into safety facilities shall be included in the budgetary estimates of the construction projects.
Article 25 Construction projects for mines and construction projects for the manufacture and storage of dangerous articles shall respectively undergo assessment of the safety conditions and safety assessment according to the relevant regulations of the State.
Article 26 The designers and designing units for safety facilities of construction projects shall be responsible for the design of the safety facilities.
The designs of the safety facilities of construction projects for mines and construction projects for the manufacture or storage of dangerous articles shall, according to relevant State regulations, be submitted to relevant departments for examination. The examination departments and the persons in charge of the examination shall be responsible for the results of the examination.
Article 27 Construction units for projects of mines and projects for the manufacture or storage of dangerous articles shall construct the safety facilities according to the approved design of the facilities and shall be responsible for the engineering quality of the facilities.
Before the completed construction projects for mines and for the manufacture and storage of dangerous articles are put into operation or use, the safety facilities shall, in accordance with the provisions in relevant laws and administrative regulations, undergo check for acceptance; the said projects shall only be put into operation or use after the facilities are checked and accepted. The departments for check and acceptance and the persons doing the check and acceptance shall be responsible for the results of the check and acceptance.
Article 28 Production and business units shall set up or affix conspicuous safety precaution signs at production and business places, facilities and equipment where factors of relatively grave danger exist.
Article 29 Safety equipment shall be designed, manufactured, installed, used, tested, maintained, renovated and abandoned in compliance with the national standards or industrial specifications.
Production and business units shall have their safety equipment constantly maintained and serviced and regularly tested in order to ensure its normal operation. Records for maintenance, service and test shall be kept and be signed by the persons concerned.
Article 30 Special equipment that threatens the safety of people’s lives and is potentially more dangerous, as well as containers and transport vehicles for dangerous articles, to be used by production and business units shall be made by professional manufacturers in accordance with relevant State regulations, and they shall only be put to use after they pass the test and check by professionally qualified testing and checking authorities and safe use certificates or safety tags are issued. The said authorities shall be responsible for the results of the test and check.
A catalogue of special equipment that threatens the safety of people’s lives and are potentially more dangerous shall be worked out by the department under the State Council in charge of supervision and control over the safety of special equipment, and shall be submitted to the State Council for approval before it becomes effective.
Article 31 The State applies an elimination system for the technique and equipment that present serious threat to work safety.
No production and business units may use techniques and equipment threatening work safety which are eliminated and the use of which is prohibited by State decrees.
Article 32 Where dangerous articles are to be manufactured, marketed, transported, stored, used or to be disposed of or abandoned, the matter shall be submitted to the department in charge for approval in accordance with the provisions in relevant laws and regulations as well as the national standards or industrial specifications and shall be subject to its supervision and control.
To manufacture, market, transport, store, use or dispose of or abandon dangerous articles, production and business units shall abide by relevant laws and regulations, as well as the national standards or industrial specifications, establish a special system for safety control, adopt reliable safety measures, and subject themselves to supervision and control by the competent departments in accordance with law.
Article 33 Production and business units shall have the sources of grievous danger recorded and have the records kept on file, conduct regular monitoring, assessment and control, make exigency plans, and notify the employees and related persons the emergency measures to be taken in emergency.
Production and business units shall, in accordance with relevant State regulations, report the sources of grievous danger, related safety and emergency measures to the departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety under the local people’s governments and other departments concerned for the record.
Article 34 No workshops, stores or warehouses where dangerous articles are manufactured, marketed, stored or used may share the same building with the employees’ living quarters; a distance shall be kept between the two for the sake of safety.
At manufacturing and marketing places and in the living quarters of employees, there shall be exits that meet the requirements for emergency evacuation and are indicated clearly and kept unobstructed. The said exits may not be sealed or blocked.
Article 35 When carrying out dangerous operations such as blasting and hoisting, production and business units shall send special persons to the sites to ensure safety and to see that operation rules are abided by and safety measures are adopted.
Article 36 Production and business units shall inculcate their employees with the need to strictly abide by rules and regulations for work safety and safety operating regulations formulated by the units, and urge them to do so, and they shall truthfully inform the employees of the factors of danger existing at the work places and work posts as well as the precautions and the exigency measures to be taken in the event of accidents.
Article 37 Production and business units shall provide their employees with work protection gears that are up to national standards or industrial specifications, and they shall give instruction to their employees and see to it that they wear or use these gears in accordance with the rules for their use.
Article 38 Persons of production and business units in charge of work safety control shall, in light of the production and business operation characteristics of the units, carry out routine inspection on work safety. They shall immediately deal with the problems they discover in the course of inspection. Where they cannot do so, they shall report the matter to the leading members of the units in charge. The inspection and the handling of the problems shall be recorded.
Article 39 Production and business units shall arrange funds for the provision of work protection gears and for training in work safety.
Article 40 Where two or more production and business units are conducting production and business activities in the same work zone, which presents potential dangers to each other’s work safety, they shall sign on agreement on work safety control, in which the responsibilities of each party for work safety control shall be defined and the safety measures to be taken by each party shall be made clear. In addition, each party shall assign full-time persons for control over work safety to conduct safety inspection and coordination.
Article 41 No production or business units may contract out or lease production or business projects, work places or equipment to any units or individuals that do not possess the conditions for work safety or the necessary qualifications.
Where there are more than one contractor or leasee involved in one production or business project or place, the production or business unit shall sign a special agreement on work safety control with each of the contractors or leasees or have the responsibilities of each party for work safety control specified in the contract. The production or business unit shall conduct overall coordination and management among the contractors or leasees in respect of work safety.
Article 42 When a major accident due to neglect of work safety occurs in a production or business unit, the principal leading member of the unit shall immediately make arrangements for rescue operation; and, during the period of investigation and handling of the accident, he may not leave his post without permission.
Article 43 Production and business units shall, in accordance with law, purchase social insurance for industrial injuries and pay insurance premiums for their employees.
Chapter III Rights and Duties of Employees
Article 44 In the labour contracts signed between production and business units
and their employees shall be clearly indicated the items concerning guarantees
for occupational safety of the employees, prevention of occupational hazards,
as well as the item concerning payment, according to law, of insurance premiums
for industrial injuries suffered by employees.
No production or business units may, in any form, conclude agreements with their employees in an attempt to relieve themselves of, or lighten, the responsibilities they should bear in accordance with law for the employees who are injured or killed in accidents which occur due to lack of work safety.
Article 45 Employees of production and business units shall have the right to the knowledge of the dangerous factors existing at their work places and posts, and of the precaution and exigency measures, and they shall have the right to put forward suggestions on work safety of the units where they work.
Article 46 Employees shall have the right to criticize, inform against and accuse their work units for the problems existing in work safety. They shall have the right to refuse to comply with the directions that are contrary to rules and regulations or arbitrary orders for risky operations.
No production and business units may reduce the wages or welfare standards of, or cancel the labour contracts concluded with, the employees because the latter criticize, inform against, accuse or refuse to comply with the directions that are contrary to rules and regulations or arbitrary orders for risky operations.
Article 47 On spotting emergency situations that directly threaten their personal safety, the employees shall have the right to suspend operation or evacuate from the work place after taking possible emergency measures.
No production and business units may reduce the wages, welfare standards of, or cancel the labour contracts concluded with, the employees because the latter, under the emergency situations, mentioned in the preceding paragraph, suspend operation and evacuate from the work place as an emergency measure.
Article 48 Employees who are harmed in accidents due to lack of work safety and who still have the right to compensation according to relevant civil laws shall, in addition to enjoying the social insurance for industrial injuries in accordance with law, have the right to demand compensations from the units where they work.
Article 49 In the course of operation, employees shall strictly abide by work safety rules and regulations and operation instructions of the units where they work, subject themselves to supervision, wear and use the gears for occupational protection in a correct way.
Article 50 Employees shall receive education and training in work safety to master work safety knowledge needed for the jobs they are doing, improve their skills related to work safety and increase their ability to prevent accidents and handle emergencies.
Article 51 On spotting hidden dangers that may lead to accidents or other factors that may jeopardize safety, employees shall immediately report the matter to the persons in charge of work safety on the spot or leading members of their units. Persons who receive such report shall act to handle the matter without delay.
Article 52 Trade unions shall have the right to exercise supervision over and put forward comments and suggestions on the simultaneous design, construction and commissioning of the safety facilities and the main structure of a construction project.
Trade unions shall have the right to demand that production and business units set to right their violations of laws and regulations on work safety and their infringement of the lawful rights and interests of the employees. When discovering that production and business units issue directions contrary to rules and regulations, or arbitrary orders for risky operations, or hidden dangers that may lead to accidents, they shall have the right to put forward suggestions for solution, and the production and business units shall consider the suggestions and respond in a timely manner. When discovering situations in which the safety of the employees’ lives are threatened, they shall have the right to put forward suggestions to the production and business units for organized evacuation of the employees from the endangered work place, and the production and business units shall deal with such situations immediately.
Trade unions shall have the right to take part in investigations of accidents in accordance with law; put forward their suggestions to the departments concerned for the handling of the accidents and demand that the persons concerned be investigated for their responsibilities.
Chapter IV Supervision and Control over Work Safety
Article 53 Local people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in light of the conditions of work safety in their administrative regions, make arrangements for the departments concerned, in keeping with the division of responsibilities, to carry out strict inspections in the production and business units located in their administrative regions in which major accidents due to lack of work safety are liable to occur. When discovering hidden dangers that may lead to accidents, the departments shall deal with the matter without delay.
Article 54 Where the departments charged with the responsibilities to exercise supervision and control over work safety (hereinafter all referred to as departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety), as specified in the provisions of Article 9 of this Law, need to examine before giving approval (including approval, ratification, permission, registration, authentication and issue of certificates or licenses, the same as below) or check for acceptance matters related to work safety in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, they shall conduct the examination or check strictly in accordance with relevant laws and regulations and national standards or industrial specifications. They may not give approval or authorize acceptance to matters which do not meet the work safety conditions specified in relevant laws and regulations and national standards or industrial specifications. With regard to units that engage in relevant activities without obtaining approval or without being qualified for acceptance in accordance with law, the departments in charge of administrative examination and approval, on discovering or receiving reports on such cases, shall immediately outlaw them and dealt with them in accordance with law. Where departments in charge of administrative examination and approval find that units which have obtained approval in accordance with law no longer possess the conditions for work safety, they shall cancel the approval given.
Article 55 No departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety may charge any fees for examining, checking and accepting matters related to work safety, or require that units subject to their examination, check and acceptance purchase the brands of products designated by them or the work safety equipment, devices or other products manufactured or marketed by units designated by them.
Article 56 When departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety conduct, in accordance with law, supervision over and inspection of production and business units to see how the latter implement the laws and regulations related to work safety, national standards or industrial specifications, they shall exercise the following functions and powers:
(1) entering production and business units for inspection, acquiring relevant materials and data for investigation, and getting information from the departments and persons concerned;
(2) putting into rights on the spot or demanding rectification of, within a time limit, violations of law related to work safety, which are discovered in the course of inspection; and with regard to practices deserving administrative penalties according to law, making decisions to impose such penalties in accordance with the provisions in this Law, other laws and administrative regulations;
(3) when, in the course of inspection, hidden dangers that may lead to accidents, to eliminate them immediately; when it is impossible to ensure safety before major ones are eliminated or, in the course of their elimination; giving orders to evacuate workers from the danger areas and to suspend production, business operation or application, and when major dangers are eliminated, allowing resumption of production, business operation or application upon examination and approval; and
(4) sealing up or seizing facilities, equipment and devices that are deemed, on firm grounds, not up to the national standards or industrial specifications to ensure work safety, and, in accordance with law, making a decision within fifteen days to deal with the case.
No supervision or inspection may hinder the normal production and business activities of the units undergoing inspection.
Article 57 Production and business units shall cooperate with the supervision and inspectors of the departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety (hereinafter referred to as work safety supervisors and inspectors) who are performing their duties in accordance with law. They may not refuse to do so or create obstacles.
Article 58 Work safety supervisors and inspectors shall be devoted to their duties, uphold principles and enforce laws impartially.
When performing their tasks, work safety supervisors and inspectors shall produce their effective identification documents for supervision and law enforcement. They shall keep confidential the technical and business secretes of the units under inspection.
Article 59 Work safety supervisors and inspectors shall keep a written record of the inspection, including the time, place, items and the problems discovered and their solution, which shall be signed by the inspectors and the leading members of the unit under inspection. Where leading members of a unit under inspection refuse to sign, the inspectors shall make a record of the fact and report the matter to the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety.
Article 60 Departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety shall cooperate with each other in supervision and inspection by conducting joint inspection. Where it is really necessary to conduct separate inspections, they shall exchange information. Where safety problems discovered require handling by another department concerned, the case shall, without delay, be transferred to the said department, and a record of the fact shall be kept for reference. The department receiving the case shall handle it in a timely manner.
Article 61 The supervisory authority shall, in accordance with the provisions in the Administrative Supervision Law, conduct supervision over the performance of their duties by departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety and their personnel.
Article 62 Organizations in charge of assessment, authentication, testing and inspection in respect of safety shall possess the qualifications specified by the State, and they shall be responsible for the results of the safety-related assessment, authentication, testing and inspection performed.
Article 63 Departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety shall set up a complaint system, with the complaint telephone numbers, mail box numbers or e-mail addresses known to the public, to facilitate receipt of complaints related to work safety. After the complaints accepted are verified, written records shall be kept. Where rectification need to be taken, the measures shall be submitted to the leading member concerned for signature, and the department concerned shall see that the measures are taken.
Article 64 All units and individuals shall have the right to report or complain about hidden dangers that may lead to accidents and practices violating work safety laws to the departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety.
Article 65 When neighbourhood committees or villagers’ committees discover hidden dangers that may lead to accidents or practices violating work safety laws in production and business units located in their areas, they shall report the matter to the local people’s governments or the departments concerned.
Article 66 People’s governments at or above the county level and the relevant departments under them shall give awards to people who have done meritorious services in reporting hidden dangers that may lead to major accidents or complaining about practices violating work safety laws. Specific measures for giving such awards shall be formulated by the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety under the State Council in conjunction with the finance department under the State Council.
Article 67 News media, publishers, broadcasting agencies, film studios and television broadcasting agencies shall have the duty to disseminate knowledge about work safety and the right to conduct supervision by means of public opinion over violations of work safety laws and regulations.
Chapter V Accident Rescue, Investigation and Handling
Article 68 Local people’s governments at or above the county level shall make arrangements for the departments concerned to formulate accident rescue plans for exceptionally serious accidents due to lack of work safety that may occur in their administrative regions and set up an emergency rescue system accordingly.
Article 69 Units that manufacture, market or store dangerous articles, mines and construction units shall set up their respective emergency rescue organizations. Units engaged in small-scale production or business operation that may be exempted from such organizations shall assign part-time persons to emergency rescue tasks.
Units that manufacture, market or store dangerous articles, mines and construction units shall have at hand the necessary devices and equipment for emergency rescue and have them maintained and serviced constantly to ensure their normal operation.
Article 70 When an accident due to lack of work safety occurs in a production or business unit, the persons at the scene shall immediately report the accident to the leading members of this unit.
On receiving such report, leading members of the unit shall take prompt, effective measures to arrange rescue operation, prevent the accident from spreading and minimize the injuries and deaths and loss of property, and they shall, in accordance with relevant State regulations, immediately report the facts of the accident to the local department in charge of supervision and control over work safety. They may not conceal the accident, make false report or delay the report, or deliberately damage the scene of the accident or destroy relevant evidence.
Article 71 On receiving the report on an accident, the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety shall, in accordance with relevant State regulations, report the accident immediately to the higher authority. No department in charge of supervision and control over work safety and relevant local people’s government may conceal the facts of the accident or make a false report or delay the report of the accident.
Article 72 On receiving the report of a major accident due to lack of work safety, leading members of the local people’s government concerned and of the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety shall immediately rush to the scene of the accident to arrange rescue operation.
All units and individuals shall assist in and cooperate with the efforts for rescue and provide all possible conveniences.
Article 73 In investigation and handling of an accident, the principles of seeking truth from facts and setting store by scientific approaches shall be applied in order to find out the accurate causes of the accident in a timely manner, make clear the nature of and responsibility for the accident, draw a lesson from it, formulate rectification measures and put forward suggestions for dealing with the person responsible for the accident. Specific measures for investigation into and handling of accidents shall be formulated by the State Council.
Article 74 Where an accident that occurs in a production and business unit is determined, through investigation, on due to negligence of duty, in addition to finding out the liability to be undertaken by the unit and investigating it in accordance with law, the liability to be undertaken by the administrative departments in charge of examination and approval of and supervision over matters related to work safety matters shall also be ascertained and the persons who are negligent or derelict of their duties shall be investigated for their legal responsibility according to the provisions in Article 77 of this Law.
Article 75 No unit or individual may obstruct or interfere with the lawful investigation into and handling of the accidents.
Article 76 Departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety under the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall regularly prepare statistics and make analysis of accidents due to lack of work safety that have occurred within their own administrative areas and publish the information regularly.
Chapter VI Legal Responsibility
Article 77 Where a staff member of the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety commits one of the following acts, he shall be demoted or discharged from his post as an administrative penalty; if the act constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to the provisions in the Criminal Law:
(1) giving approval or authorize acceptance to matters related to work safety that do not meet the statutory conditions for work safety;
(2) failing to outlaw or deal with, in accordance with law, units after discovering that they are engaged in relevant activities without obtaining approval or being qualified for acceptance in accordance with law or after receiving reports thereof; and
(3) failing to perform his duty of supervision and control over the units that have obtained approval in accordance with law, to cancel the approval given to the units that he finds no longer to possess the conditions for work safety, or to investigate and deal with violations of work safety regulations.
Article 78 Where a department in charge of supervision and control over work safety requires that the unit under examination and check for acceptance purchase the work safety equipment, devices or other products it designates, or charges fees for examining or checking for acceptance matters related to work safety, the authority at a higher level or a supervisory organization shall order it to put it right or return the fees collected; if the circumstances are serious, the persons directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.
Article 79 Where an organization in charge of assessment, authentication, testing and inspection related to work safety produces false certificates, if it constitutes a crime, the organization shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions in the Criminal Law; if the case is not serious enough for criminal punishment, the illegal gains shall be confiscated; if the illegal gains exceed RMB 5,000 yuan, it, in addition, be fined not less than two times but not more than five times the amount of the illegal gains; if there are not illegal gains or the illegal gains are less than 5,000 yuan, it shall only, or in addition, be fined not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 20,000 yuan, and the persons directly in charge and the persons directly responsible shall be fined not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan. If damages are inflicted on other persons, the organization shall bear joint and several liability to pay compensation for the damages with production or business units.
Organizations that commit violations mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be qualified accordingly.
Article 80 Any decision-making body, principal leading member of a production or business unit or individual investor that fails to guarantee, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, the funds for input essential to work safety, thus resulting in the lack of conditions for work safety, the production or business unit shall be ordered to set it right by providing the necessary amount of funds within a specified time limit. If it is not set right on the expiration of the time limit, the production or business unit shall be ordered to suspend production or business operation for shake-up.
Where the violation, as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, is committed, which leads to the occurrence of an accident due to lack of work safety, if it constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the provisions in the Criminal Law. If it is not serious enough for criminal punishment, the principal leading member of the production or business unit shall be discharged from his post, and the individual investor shall be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.
Article 81 Where the principal leading member of a production or business unit fails to perform his duty for control over work safety as provided for in this Law, he shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit. If he fails to do so on the expiration of the time limit, the production or business unit shall be ordered to suspend production or business operation for shake-up.
The principal leading member of a production and business unit who commits the violation of as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, which leads to the occurrence of an accident due to lack of work safety, if it constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Law. If it is not serious enough for criminal punishment, he shall be discharged from his post or be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but 200,000 yuan.
The principal leading member of a production or business unit on whom a criminal punishment is imposed or who is discharged from his post in accordance with the provisions in the preceding paragraph, he may not, within five years starting from the date on which the time for criminal punishment is served or the date on which he is discharged, work as a principal leading member in any production or business unit.
Article 82 Any production or business unit that commits one of the following acts shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit, if it fails to do so on the expiration of the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend production or business operation for shake-up and may, in addition, be fined not more than 20,000 yuan:
(1) failing to set up an organization, or to be manned with persons, for the control of work safety, as required by regulations;
(2) in the case of the principal leading member or the person for control over work safety in a unit that manufactures, markets or stores dangerous articles or in a mine or construction unit, failing to pass the qualification examinations as required by regulations;
(3) failing to conduct, among its employees, education and training in work safety according to the provisions in Articles 21 and 22 of this Law, or failing to truthfully inform the employees of the matters relating to work safety according to the provisions in Article 36 of this Law; and
(4) assigning to special posts workers who have not received special training in safe operation or obtained qualification certificates for special posts, as required by regulations.
Article 83 Any production or business unit that commits one of the following acts shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit; if it fails to do so on the expiration of the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend construction and may, in addition, be fined not more than 50,000 yuan; if serious consequences are entailed and thus a crime is constituted, the unit shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to relevant provisions in the Criminal Law:
(1) where the designs of safety facilities of construction projects for mines or construction projects for the manufacture or storage of dangerous articles are lacking or such designs are not submitted to the relevant departments for examination and approval, as required by relevant regulations;
(2) where the construction unit for the construction projects for a mine or the construction projects for the manufacture and storage of dangerous articles fails to construct the project according to the approved design of safety facilities;
(3) where the construction project for a mine or the construction project for the manufacture and storage of dangerous articles are completed for putting into production or to use before the safety facilities pass the check for acceptance;
(4) where no conspicuous safety precaution signs are posted in production and business places and at relevant facilities and equipment where the factors of relatively grave danger exist;
(5) where the safety equipment is not installed, used, tested, renovated or abandoned in compliance with national standards or industrial specifications;
(6) where the safety equipment is not constantly maintained or served or regularly tested;
(7) where no work protection gears that are up to national standards or industrial specifications are provided to employees;
(8) where special equipment and containers and transport vehicles for dangerous articles put to use without passing the test or check conducted by professionally qualified authorities and without safety use certificates or safety tags issued; and
(9) where techniques and equipment threatening work safety which are eliminated and the use of which is prohibited by State decrees are used.
Article 84 Any unit that, without obtaining approval in accordance with law, produces, markets or stores dangerous articles shall be ordered to desist from the violation or it shall be closed down, its illegal gains shall be confiscated; if the illegal gains exceed 100,000 yuan, it shall, in addition, be fined not less than the amount of the illegal gains but not more than five times the amount; if there are no illegal gains or the illegal gains are less than 100,000 yuan, it shall be only, or in addition, be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan; if serious consequences are entailed and a crime is thus constituted, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to the relevant provisions in the Criminal Law.
Article 85 Any production or business unit that commits one of the following acts shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit; if it fails to do so on the expiration of the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend production or business operation for shake-up and, in addition, it may be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan; if serious consequences are entailed and a crime is thus constituted, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to the relevant provisions in the Criminal Law:
(1) failing to establish a special system for safety control, or adopt reliable safety measures for the manufacture, marketing, storage or use of dangerous articles, or refusing to accept supervision and control exercises by competent departments in accordance with law;
(2) failing to have the sources of major danger recorded and have the records kept on file, or failing to make assessment and exercise control, or failing to make exigency plans; and
(3) when carrying out dangerous operations such as blasting and hoisting, failing to send special persons to the site to ensure safety.
Article 86 Any production or business unit that contracts out or leases production or business projects, work places or equipment to units or individuals that do not possess the conditions for work safety or the necessary qualifications shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit and its illegal gains shall be confiscated; if the illegal gains exceed 50,000 yuan, it shall, in addition, be fined not less than the amount of the illegal gains but not more than five times the amount; if there are no illegal gains or the illegal gains are less than 50,000 yuan; it shall only, or in addition, be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan; if accident due to lack of work safety occurs as a result, which causes damages to another person, the unit shall bear the joint and several liability for the damages together with the contractors or leasees.
If the production or business unit fails to sign a special agreement on work safety control with each of the contractors or leasees, if it fails to have the responsibilities of each party for work safety control specified in the contract, or if it fails to conduct overall coordination and management among the contractors or leasees in respect of work safety, it shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit; if it fails to do so on the expiration of the rime limit, it shall be ordered to suspend production or business operation for shake-up.
Article 87 Where two or more production or business units are conducting production or business activities within the same work zone, which presents potential dangers to each other’s work safety, if they fail to sign an agreement on work safety control or to assign full-time persons for control over work safety to conduct safety inspection and coordination, they shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit; if they fail to do so on the expiration of the time limit, they shall be ordered to suspend production or business operation.
Article 88 Any production or business unit that commits one of the following acts shall be ordered to set it right within a time limit; if it fails to do so on the expiration of the time limit, it shall be ordered to suspend production or business operation for shake-up; if consequences are entailed and thus a crime is constituted, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions in the Criminal Law:
(1) having workshops, stores or warehouses where dangerous articles are manufactured, marketed, stored or used share the same building with the employees’ living quarters or the distance between these structures and the employees’ living quarters is not up to the requirements for safety;
(2) failing to have exits at manufacturing and marketing places or in the living quarters of employees, exits that meet the requirements for emergency evacuation are indicated clearly and kept unobstructed, or having the exits there sealed or blocked.
Article 89 Where a production or business unit signs an agreement with its employees in an attempt to relieve itself of, or lighten, the responsibilities it should bear in accordance with law for the employees who are injured or killed as a result of accidents due to lack of work safety, such an agreements shall be invalid, and the principal leading member of the unit and the individual investor shall be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan.
Article 90 Where an employee of a production or business unit refuses to subject himself to supervision, violating work safety rules and regulations or operation instructions, the said production or business unit shall criticize him by way of education and take disciplinary action against him in accordance with relevant rules and regulations; if the violation results in grievous accidents and thus constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to the relevant provisions in the Criminal Law.
Article 91 Where, when a major accident due to lack of work safety occurs in a production or business unit, the principal leading member of the unit fails to make immediate arrangements for rescue operation or, during the period of investigation and handling of the accident, leaves his post without permission or goes into hiding, he shall be demoted or discharged from his post as a punishment; if he goes into hiding, he shall be detained for less than 15 days; if a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions in the Criminal Law.
Where the principal leading member of a production or business unit conceals the facts of an accident due to lack of work safety, makes false report of the accident or delays such report, he shall be punished in accordance with the provisions in preceding paragraph.
Article 92 Where the local people’s government concerned or the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety conceals the facts of an accident due to lack of work safety, makes false report of the accident or delays such report, the persons directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law; if a crime is constituted, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions in the Criminal Law.
Article 93 Any production or business unit that does not have the conditions for work safety specified by this Law and the relevant laws, and administrative regulations, and national standards or industrial specifications still remains so after its production or business operation is suspended for rectification, it shall be closed down, and the departments concerned shall revoke the relevant certificates and licenses in accordance with law.
Article 94 The administrative punishment provided for in this Law shall be decided on by the departments in charge of supervision and control over work safety; the administrative punishment that requires the closing down of a unit shall be submitted by the department in charge of supervision and control over work safety to the people’s government at or above the county level, which shall make the decision within the limits of its powers obtained by the State Council; the administrative punishment that requires detention shall be decided on by the public security organ in accordance with the provisions in the regulations on administrative penalties for public security. Where the authorities for deciding on administrative penalties are otherwise provided for in relevant laws and administrative regulations, the provisions there shall apply.
Article 95 The production or business unit where an accident due to lack of work safety occurs, which results in injuries or deaths of employees and causes losses to other persons, shall bear the liability to pay compensation in accordance with law; if the unit refuses to bear the liability or the leading member of the unit goes into hiding, the People’s Court shall take enforcement measures in accordance with law.
If the persons responsible for the accident due to lack of work safety who fails to bear the liability to pay compensation in accordance with law is still unable to pay compensation in full to the victims after the People’s Court has taken enforcement measures in accordance with law, he shall continue to perform his obligation of compensation. If the victims find that the person has other property, they may, at any time, make a request to the People’s Court for enforcement.
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions
Article 96 The following terms used in this Law mean:
Dangerous articles include materials that present potential threat to the safety of persons and property safety, such as combustibles and explosives, hazardous chemical materials and radioactive substances.
Sources of grievous danger refer to long-term or temporary manufacturing, transporting, using or storing of hazardous materials, the amount of which is equal to or exceeds the critical amount unit (including the places and facilities).
Article 97 This Law shall go into effect as of November 1, 2002.